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Biological Scientist Jobs and Employment in the USA

February 11, 2023 · 5 min read

A biological scientist is a professional who studies living organisms and the processes that affect them. They use scientific methods to understand the structure and function of cells, tissues, and organs, as well as the interactions between organisms and their environment. Biological scientists can work in a variety of settings, including universities, government agencies, research institutions, and private industry.

Biological scientists may specialize in a particular area of biology, such as genetics, microbiology, ecology, or biochemistry, and use their knowledge to study various topics, such as the development of diseases, the evolution of species, and the impact of environmental factors on living organisms. They may also use their knowledge to develop new treatments and technologies or to solve practical problems in areas such as agriculture, medicine, and environmental management.

The work of biological scientists can be both theoretical and applied and can involve conducting experiments, collecting and analyzing data, and interpreting results. They may also communicate their findings to the scientific community and the general public, and collaborate with other scientists to advance the field of biology.


Biological scientists can work in a variety of settings, including

  1. Universities and colleges: Many biological scientists work as faculty members or research scientists at universities and colleges, where they may teach, conduct research, and mentor students.
  2. Government agencies: Some biological scientists work for government agencies, such as the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), or the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), where they may conduct research, develop policies, or manage natural resources.
  3. Research institutions: Some biological scientists work for private research institutions, such as pharmaceutical companies, biotech companies, or research institutes, where they may conduct research, develop new treatments and technologies, or solve practical problems.
  4. Private industry: Some biological scientists work for private companies, such as agribusiness, environmental consulting firms, or biotechnology companies, where they may apply their knowledge to develop new products or services, or to solve problems related to the environment or public health.
  5. Nonprofit organizations: Some biological scientists work for nonprofit organizations, such as conservation organizations or public health organizations, where they may conduct research, develop policies, or educate the public about important issues.

The specific work environment for biological scientists will depend on their area of specialization, their employer, and the terms of their employment contract. However, biological scientists can work in a wide range of settings, and have the opportunity to use their knowledge and skills to make a positive impact on society.


A degree in biology can prepare you for a variety of careers, including

  1. Biomedical research: Biomedical researchers study the biological processes that underlie human health and disease, and work to develop new treatments and therapies.
  2. Medical and health professions: Biologists can pursue careers in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine, nursing, and other health professions, where they can use their knowledge of biology to diagnose and treat diseases.
  3. Biotech industry: Biologists can work in the biotech industry, developing new products and technologies, conducting research, or working in quality control and regulatory affairs.
  4. Environmental science: Biologists can use their knowledge of the natural world to work in environmental science, addressing issues such as pollution, climate change, and habitat conservation.
  5. Teaching: Biologists can use their knowledge of biology to teach at the high school or college level, inspiring and educating the next generation of scientists and leaders.
  6. Science writing and communication: Biologists can use their knowledge of biology to communicate science to the public, through writing, journalism, or other forms of media.
  7. Science administration and policy: Biologists can use their knowledge of science to develop policies and regulations, or to manage scientific programs and initiatives.

The specific career path that a biology degree can lead to will depend on the individual's interests, skills, and experience, as well as the job market in their region. However, a biology degree provides a strong foundation in the life sciences and can open the door to a wide range of exciting and impactful careers.


If you have a background in biology, there are several alternative careers and similar jobs that you may be interested in exploring, including

  1. Ecologist: Ecologists study the relationships between living organisms and their environment, and work to understand the complex interactions between species and ecosystems.
  2. Microbiologist: Microbiologists study microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, and work to understand their biology, behavior, and impact on human health and the environment.
  3. Biochemist: Biochemists study the chemical processes that take place within living organisms, and work to understand the molecular basis of life and disease.
  4. Zoologist: Zoologists study animals and their behavior, anatomy, and physiology, and work to understand the evolution and adaptations of species.
  5. Botanist: Botanists study plants, including their structure, function, and evolution, and work to understand the role of plants in the ecosystem and their importance to human life.
  6. Environmental scientist: Environmental scientists study the natural world and work to understand the impact of human activities on the environment. They may also work to develop solutions to environmental problems.
  7. Medical technologist: Medical technologists perform laboratory tests and analysis to help diagnose and treat disease, and may specialize in areas such as clinical chemistry, hematology, or microbiology.
  8. Science writer or science communicator: Science writers and science communicators translate complex scientific information into accessible, engaging content for a general audience.
  9. Science teacher: Science teachers educate students about the natural world, and help to inspire the next generation of scientists and leaders.

These are just a few examples of alternative careers and similar jobs that someone with a background in biology may be interested in exploring. The specific career path that is best for you will depend on your interests, skills, and experience, as well as the job market in your region.

by Olena Sobolieva

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